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Arithmetic Progression for class 10th
Post On. Progression can be a tough and a big word, especially when one is dealing with mathematics and ‘Arithmetic Progression’ at that! Well, the easiest definition to go by is arithmetic progression is just a sequence of numbers that follow a particular pattern.
What are you going to learn in arithmetic progression lesson?
1. What is arithmetic progression?
2. Most used terms in arithmetic progression.
3. How to find the nth term of any progression?
4. How to find sum of arithmetic progression?
5. How to find arithmetic progression but from the last term?
6. Some Important arithmetic progression class 10 questions
An arithmetic progression can be understood as a sequence that has a starting number and a series advancing with a definite interval. The simplest and easiest example being the number series 1,2,3,4,5,6,7. Here, the first number is 1 and the definite interval is 1. If we keep on adding 1 to the last number, the sequence will keep on progressing and yes, it becomes an arithmetic progression!
Now, let us transform this definition into a mathematical formula to sound more studious. Let us name all the terms first. (Most used terms in arithmetic progression lesson)
When the sign of = comes in picture, an expression becomes an
equation. So, the expression 2+4x=6 becomes an algebraic
equation.
First term be a1,
Difference be d; and
Last
term be an
Now, add ‘d’ to a1. What do you get? (a1+d). It means
you got two numbers of the sequence. The two numbers are a1 and
(a1+d).
a1 = a1
a2 = (a1+d)
a3 = (a1+d) + d
a3 = a1
+ 2d
Similarly a4 can be written as a4 = a1 + 3d;
In the
same manner, if you need to find any number of the given arithmetic
progression, you can simply apply this trick, and lo, the
mathematicians
call it a formula. Did you guys realise? You have just made up a
formula. So, here goes the formula
an = a1 + (n-1)d
Sounds simple right? Well, yes it is. Let’s check
it out with the help of one example. My birthdate is 6 so let the
first term be 6. And my birth month is 3, so let the difference
be 3. We have got a1=6 and d=3. Let us put it into the formula and
find out the 11th term of the series.
an = a1 + (n-1)d
a11=6+(10*3)
a11=36
Bingo! As easy as that.
Now that you have learnt how to
calculate any number in a given arithmetic progression, let’s
proceed onto the next formula.
Sometimes, finding the nth term
is
not enough and you need to find the sum of a definite arithmetic
progression. How to go about with that?
The sum of nth term of any given arithmetic progression can be
calculated by sum of first term and the last term divided by half
and multiplied by the number of terms in the series. To make it
easier,
let’s put it into a formula.
Sn=n/2(a1+an)
But this sounds quite simple. When we delve deeper into the
subject, you may realise that the nth term is not necessarily given
every time. In that case, you need to depend upon another formula,
that is:
Sn=n/2{2a1+ (n+1)d}
If you are wondering how we
came up with this formula, let me explain you. We did nothing but
substituted the value of an from the previous formula. Let’s check
out.
Sn=n/2(a1+an)
But, we know an = a1 + (n-1)d
Let us substitute this value
in the Sn formula.
Sn=n/2(a1+an)
Sn=n/2(a1+a1 + (n-1)d)
Sn=n/2{2a1 + (n-1)d}
How
cool and easy! Let us take a few examples to understand it better.
So, let’s begin with my favourite numbers. Consider the first
sequence
where a1=6 and d=3, and suppose the last value an be 36. Now,
putting these in the first formula of Sn, we will get;
Sn=n/2(a1+an)
Sn=11/2(6+36)
Sn=231
Bravo! Now, let’s proceed with another example where we don’t
know what is the last number of the sequence. Suppose the value of
a1=3 and d=6, we need to find the sum of the number till the
20th number of the series. Let’s go!
Sn=n/2{2a1 + (n-1)d}
Sn=20/2{2*3 + (20-1)*6}v Sn=10{6+114}
Sn=1200
Did you know? After becoming and expert, you can also calculate
the amount collected in your piggy bank (of course, if you add money
at proper intervals and don’t cheat). Suppose you initially
put 500 in your piggy bank and hereafter keep on adding 100 every
month, how much money will you have at the end of the year? Let’s
calculate.
a1=500
d=100
n=12
an = a1 + (n-1)d
an = 500 + (12-1)100
an = 1600
So,
you will be getting 1600 by the end of the year. Good savings,
indeed! In a similar fashion, you can calculate the fare of taxi
when you travel. They have a fixed initial rate and the rate
increases according to the distance you travel. So, ask your cab
driver the next time you travel and calculate your own fare.
Amazing!
Isn’t it? It seems you are becoming an expert in solving arithmetic
progressions!
Let’s go further and cover up the one last formula as well. It is not
any different, just a twisted version of the same thing. Suppose you
need to find the sum of an arithmetic progression but from the
last term. It means, you need to find the sum of the arithmetic
progression but in reverse order. Let's try to put it in our
formula for finding the sum.
Sn=n/2{2a1 + (n-1)d}
But as we have to find it out from the
last term, let’s call it al. So, let’s replace a1 with al and as we
have to go in reverse order, the difference d will become
(-d).
By replacing all the values, you will get;
Sn=n/2{2a1 +
(n-1)d}
Sn=n/2{2al + (n-1)(-d)}
As simple as that.
Just
in case you need to understand it better, let’s try to find the
sum of first 100 even numbers from the last number. So here, al
=100, d=(-2) but we don’t know how many even numbers are there from
1 to 100. So, first we need to find the value of n. Let’s start.
Formulae known to us: an = a1 + (n-1)d
For this problem, we have
the following values with us
an=100
a1=2
d=2
Putting these in the equation, we’ll find the value of n.
an = a1 + (n-1)d
100=2+{(n-1)*2}
98=2n-2
96=2n
48=n
Hence, there are 48 even numbers from 1 to 100. Now, let’s find
the sum from the last number.
al=100
n=48
d=(-2)
Sn=n/2{2al + (n-1)(-d)}
Sn=n/2{2al + (n-1)(-d)}
Sn=48/2{2*100+ (48-1)(-2)}
Sn=2,544
See! We have understood the fundamentals of arithmetic
progressions like a cakewalk. So bring on your witty caps and solve
as many problems you come across while reading this topic and don’t
shy away from this fun-filled, easy and understandable topic. Happy
solving!
Question.1. What is arithmetic progression in simple words?
Answer:-
An arithmetic progression can be understood as a
sequence that has a starting number and a series advancing with a
definite interval. The simplest and the easiest example being the
number series 1,2,3,4,5,6,7. Here, the first number is 1 and the
definite interval is 1.
If we keep on adding 1 to the last
number, the sequence will keep on progressing and yes, it becomes an
arithmetic progression!
Question:-2.What are Arithmetic progression formulas?
Answer:-
formulas for arithmetic progression
1. To find the nth term of
any progression,
an = a1 + (n-1)d
2. To find arithmetic
progression sum formula
Sn=n/2(a1+an)
Or
Sn=n/2(2a1+(n-1)d)
Question:-3 .What is sum of arithmetic progression formula but from the last term?
Answer:-
As we have to find it out from the last term, let’s call it al. So,
let’s replace a1 with al and as we have to go in reverse order, the
difference d will become (-d).
By replacing all the values,
you will get;
Sn=n/2{2a1 + (n-1)d}
Sn=n/2{2al + (n-1)(-d)}
As simple
as that.
Just in case you need to understand it better, let’s
try to find the sum of first 100 even numbers from the last number.
So here, al =100, d=(-2) but we don’t know how many even numbers are
there from 1 to 100. So, first we need to find the value of n. Let’s
start.
Formulae known to us: an = a1 + (n-1)d
For this problem, we have the following values with us
an=100
a1=2
d=2
Putting these in the equation, we’ll find the value of n.
an = a1 + (n-1)d
100=2+{(n-1)*2}
98=2n-2
96=2n
48=n
Hence, there are 48 even numbers from 1 to 100. Now, let’s find
the sum from the last number.
al=100
n=48
d=(-2)
Sn=n/2{2al + (n-1)(-d)}
Sn=n/2{2al + (n-1)(-d)}
Sn=48/2{2*100+ (48-1)(-2)}
Sn=2,544
Question:-4 What are most used terms in Arithmetic progression formulas?
Answer:-
First term be a1,
Difference be d; and
Last term be an
Now, add ‘d’ to a1. What do you get? (a1+d). It means you got two
numbers of the sequence. The two numbers are a1 and (a1+d).
a1
= a1
a2 = (a1+d)
a3 = (a1+d) + d
a3 = a1 + 2d
Similarly a4 can be written as a4 = a1 + 3d;
Question:-5 Suppose you initially put 500 in your piggy bank and hereafter keep on adding 100 every month, how much money will you have at the end of the year.
Answer:-
a1=500
d=100
n=12
an = a1 + (n-1)d
an = 500 + (12-1)100
an = 1600
So,
you will be getting 1600 by the end of the year. Good savings,
indeed!
What is arithmetic progression?
An arithmetic progression can be understood as a sequence that has a starting number and a series advancing with a definite interval. The simplest and easiest example being the number series 1,2,3,4,5,6,7. Here, the first number is 1 and the definite interval is 1. If we keep on adding 1 to the last number, the sequence will keep on progressing and yes, it becomes an arithmetic progression!
Most used terms in arithmetic progression lesson
Now, let us transform this definition into a mathematical formula to sound more studious. Let us name all the terms first. (Most used terms in arithmetic progression lesson)
When the sign of = comes in picture, an expression becomes an equation. So, the expression
2+4x=6 becomes an algebraic equation.
First term be a1,
Difference be d; and
Last term be an
Now, add ‘d’ to a1.
What do you get? (a1+d). It means you got two numbers of the sequence. The two numbers are
a1 and (a1+d).
a1 = a1
a2 = (a1+d)
a3 = (a1+d) + d
a3 = a1 + 2d
Similarly a4 can be written as a4 =
a1 + 3d;
In the same manner, if you need to find any number of the given arithmetic
progression, you can simply apply this trick, and lo, the mathematicians call it a formula.
Did you guys realize? You have just
made up formula. So, here goes the formula
To find the nth term of any progression?
an = a1 + (n-1)d
Sounds simple right? Well, yes it is. Let’s check it out with the help of
one example. My birthdate is 6 so let the first term be 6. And my birth month is 3, so let
the difference be 3. We have got a1=6
and d=3. Let us put it into the formula and find out the 11th term of the series.
an = a1 + (n-1)d
a11=6+(10*3)
a11=36
Bingo! As easy as that.
Now that you have learned how to calculate any number
in a given arithmetic progression, let’s proceed onto the next formula.
Sometimes,
finding the nth term is not enough and you
need to find the sum of a definite arithmetic progression. How to go about with that?
The sum of arithmetic progression
The sum of the nth term of any given arithmetic progression can be calculated by the sum of
the first term and the last term divided by half and multiplied by the number of terms in
the series. To make it easier, let’s put
it into a formula.
Sn=n/2(a1+an)
But this sounds quite simple. When we delve deeper into the subject, you may realize
that the nth term is not necessarily given every time. In that case, you need to depend upon
another formula, that is:
Sn=n/2{2a1+
(n+1)d}
If you are wondering how we came up with this formula, let me explain to you. We
did nothing but substituted the value of an from the previous formula. Let’s check out.
Sn=n/2(a1+an)
But, we know an = a1 + (n-1)d
Let us substitute this value in the Sn
formula.
Sn=n/2(a1+an)
Sn=n/2(a1+a1 + (n-1)d)
Sn=n/2{2a1 + (n-1)d}
How cool and easy! Let us take
a few examples to understand it better. So, let’s begin with my favorite numbers. Consider
the first sequence where a1=6 and d=3,
and suppose the last value a be 36. Now, putting these in the first formula of Sn, we will
get;
Sn=n/2(a1+an)
Sn=11/2(6+36)
Sn=231
Bravo! Now, let’s proceed with another example where we don’t know what is the last
number of the sequence. Suppose the value of a1=3 and d=6, we need to find the sum of the
number till the 20th number of the series.
Let’s go!
Sn=n/2{2a1 + (n-1)d}
Sn=20/2{2*3 + (20-1)*6}v Sn=10{6+114}
Sn=1200
Did you know? After becoming an expert, you can also calculate the amount collected
in your piggy bank (of course, if you add money at proper intervals and don’t cheat).
Suppose you initially put 500 in your piggy
bank and hereafter keep on adding 100 every month, how much money will you have at the end
of the year? Let’s calculate.
a1=500
d=100
n=12
an = a1 + (n-1)d
an = 500 + (12-1)100
an = 1600
So, you will be getting
1600 by the end of the year. Good savings, indeed! In a similar fashion, you can calculate
the fare of a taxi when you travel.
They have a fixed initial rate and the rate increases according to the distance you travel.
So, ask your cab driver the next time you travel and calculate your own fare.
Amazing!
Isn’t it? It seems you are becoming
an expert in solving arithmetic progressions!
To find the sum of an arithmetic progression but from the last term.
Let’s go further and cover up the one last formula as well. It is not any different, just a
twisted version of the same thing. Suppose you need to find the sum of an arithmetic
progression but from the last term. It means,
you need to find the sum of the arithmetic progression but in reverse order. Let's try to
put it in our formula for finding the sum.
Sn=n/2{2a1 + (n-1)d}
But as we have
to find it out from the last term, let’s
call it al. So, let’s replace a1 with al and as we have to go in reverse order, the
difference d will become (-d).
By replacing all the values, you will get;
Sn=n/2{2a1
+ (n-1)d}
Sn=n/2{2al + (n-1)(-d)}
As simple as that.
Just in case you
need to understand it better, let’s try to find the sum of the first 100 even numbers from
the last number. So here, al =100, d=(-2) but we don’t know how many even numbers are there
from 1 to 100. So, first, we need to find the value of n. Let’s start.
Formulae known to
us: an = a1 + (n-1)d
For this problem, we have the following values with us
an=100
a1=2
d=2
Putting these in the equation, we’ll find the value of n.
an = a1 + (n-1)d
100=2+{(n-1)*2}
98=2n-2
96=2n
48=n
Hence, there are 48 even numbers from 1 to 100. Now, let’s find the sum from the
last number.
al=100
n=48
d=(-2)
Sn=n/2{2al + (n-1)(-d)}
Sn=n/2{2al + (n-1)(-d)}
Sn=48/2{2*100+ (48-1)(-2)}
Sn=2,544
See! We have understood the fundamentals of arithmetic progressions like a
cakewalk. So bring on your witty caps and solve as many problems you come across while
reading this topic and don’t shy away from this
fun-filled, easy, and understandable topic. Happy solving!
Answer:-
An arithmetic progression can be understood as a sequence that
has a starting number and a series advancing with a definite interval. The simplest
and easiest example being the number series 1,2,3,4,5,6,7.
Here, the first number is 1 and the definite interval is 1.
If we keep on adding
1 to the last number, the sequence will keep on progressing and yes, it becomes an
arithmetic progression!
Answer:-
Formulas for arithmetic progression
1. To find the nth term of any
progression,
an = a1 + (n-1)d
2. To find arithmetic progression sum
formula
Sn=n/2(a1+an)
Or
Sn=n/2(2a1+(n-1)d)
Answer:-
As we have to find it out from the last term, let’s call it al. So, let’s replace a1
with al and as we have to go in reverse order, the differenced will become (-d).
By replacing all the values, you will get;
Sn=n/2{2a1 + (n-1)d}
Sn=n/2{2al + (n-1)(-d)}
As simple as that.
Just in case you need to understand it better, let’s try to find the sum of the
first 100 even numbers from the last number. So here,
al =100, d=(-2) but we don’t know how many even numbers are there from 1 to 100. So,
first, we need to find the value of n. Let’s start.
Formulae known to us: an = a1 + (n-1)d
For this problem, we have the following values with us
an=100
a1=2
d=2
Putting these in the equation, we’ll find the value of n.
an = a1 +
(n-1)d
100=2+{(n-1)*2}
98=2n-2
96=2n
48=n
Hence, there are 48 even numbers from 1 to 100. Now, let’s find the sum from
the last number.
al=100
n=48
d=(-2)
Sn=n/2{2al + (n-1)(-d)}
Sn=n/2{2al + (n-1)(-d)}
Sn=48/2{2*100+
(48-1)(-2)}
Sn=2,544
First term be a1,
Difference be d; and
Last term be an
Now, add ‘d’ to
a1. What do you get? (a1+d). It means you got two numbers of the sequence. The two
numbers are a1 and (a1+d).
a1 = a1
a2 =
(a1+d)
a3 = (a1+d) + d
a3 = a1 + 2d
Similarly a4 can be written as a4 = a1 +
3d;
a1=500
d=100
n=12
an = a1 + (n-1)d
an = 500 + (12-1)100
an = 1600
So, you will be
getting 1600 by the end of the year. Good savings, indeed!
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